Bheka nxazonke futhi imikhiqizo eminingi oyibonayo noyisebenzisayo yenziwa kusetshenziswa uhlobo oluthileuhlelo lokulawula ukungezwani. Yonke indawo lapho ubheka khona, kusukela emaphaketheni okusanhlamvu kuya kumalebula asemabhodleleni amanzi, kunezinto ezincike ekulawuleni ukungezwani okunembile ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Izinkampani emhlabeni jikelele ziyazi ukuthi ukulawula ukungezwani okufanele kuyisici esithi "make or break" kulezi zinqubo zokukhiqiza. kodwa kungani? Kuyini ukulawulwa kwengcindezi futhi kungani kubaluleke kangaka ekukhiqizeni?
Ngaphambi kokuthi singene ekulawuleni ukungezwani, kufanele siqale siqonde ukuthi kuyini ukushuba. I-Tension i-tension noma i-strain esetshenziswa ku-material ejwayele ukwelula into ekuqondeni kwamandla asetshenzisiwe. Ekwenziweni, lokhu kuvame ukuqala ngendawo yenqubo engezansi edonsa into enqubeni. Sichaza ukushuba kwesimo njengetorque esetshenziswa phakathi nendawo yomqulu ihlukaniswe irediyasi yomqulu. Ukushuba = I-Torque / Radius (T=TQ/R). Uma kusetshenziswa ukushuba okukhulu, inani elingalungile lokudonsa lingabangela okokusebenza ukuthi kunwebe futhi kulimaze ukwakheka komqulu, futhi kungaphula ngisho nomqulu uma ukushuba kudlula amandla okugunda wento. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungezwani okuncane kakhulu kungalimaza umkhiqizo wakho. Ukungezwani okunganele kungaholela kumarola ahlehlayo noma ahlehlayo, ekugcineni okubangele ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo ephansi.
Ukuze siqonde ukulawula ukungezwani, sidinga ukuqonda lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "inethiwekhi". Leli gama lisho noma iyiphi into ephakelwa ngokuqhubekayo kusuka kanye/noma i-roll, njengephepha, ipulasitiki, ifilimu, intambo, indwangu, ikhebula noma insimbi, njll. Ukulawula ukucindezeleka kuyisenzo sokugcina ukungezwani okufiswayo kuwebhu njengoba kudingekile. ngempahla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukungezwani kuyalinganiswa futhi kugcinwe endaweni ebekiwe, okuvumela iwebhu ukuthi isebenze kahle kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza. Ukuqina kuvame ukukalwa ngesistimu yokulinganisa ye-Imperial (ngamaphawundi ngeyintshi ngayinye (i-PLI) noma kusistimu yemethrikhi (ngama-Newtons per centimeter (N/cm).
Okufanelekileukulawula ukungezwaniyakhelwe ukuthi ibe nenani eliqondile lokungezwani kuwebhu, ngakho ukwelula kungalawulwa ngokucophelela futhi kugcinwe kuncane kuyilapho kugcinwa ukungezwani ezingeni elifunekayo kuyo yonke inqubo. Umthetho wesithupha uwukusebenzisa ukungezwani okuncane ongakuthola ukuze ukhiqize umkhiqizo wokugcina owufunayo. Uma ukungezwani kungasetshenziswa kahle kuyo yonke inqubo, kungaholela ekushwabaneni, ekunqamukeni kwewebhu kanye nemiphumela emibi yenqubo efana ne-interweaving (slitting), ukubhalisa (ukuphrinta), ukushuba okungaguquki kokunamathela (ukunamathela), ukuhluka kobude (ishidi), ukugoqa okubalulekile ngesikhathi i-lamination, ne-roll defects (i-telescopic, inkanyezi, njll.) ukubala okumbalwa.
Abakhiqizi bangaphansi kwengcindezi yokuhambisana nesidingo esikhulayo futhi bakhiqize imikhiqizo yekhwalithi ngendlela ephumelelayo ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kuholela esidingweni sokusebenza okungcono, okuphezulu kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza yekhwalithi ephezulu. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuguqula, ukusika, ukuphrinta, ukufakwa kwe-laminating, noma ezinye izinqubo, ngayinye yalezi zinqubo inesici esisodwa esifana - ukulawula ukungezwani okufanele umehluko phakathi kokukhiqizwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, okungabizi kakhulu kanye nekhwalithi ephansi, umehluko wokukhiqiza obizayo, izinsalela ezingaphezulu kanye ukukhungatheka phezu kwamawebhu aphukile.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokulawula ukungezwani, okwenziwa ngesandla noma okuzenzakalelayo. Ngokulawula okwenziwa ngesandla, u-opharetha udinga ukunakwa njalo nokuba khona ukuze aphathe futhi alungise isivinini netorque kuyo yonke inqubo. Ngokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, u-opharetha udinga kuphela ukufaka phakathi nokusetha kokuqala, njengoba isilawuli sinakekela ukugcina ukungezwani okufunayo kuyo yonke inqubo. Ngakho-ke, ukuxhumana kwabasebenzisi kanye nokuncika kuyancishiswa. Emikhiqizweni yokulawula i-automation, izinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlelo zivame ukunikezwa, i-open-loop kanye nokulawula iluphu evaliwe.
Vula isistimu ye-loop:
Kusistimu ye-loop evulekile, kunezici ezintathu eziyinhloko: isilawuli, idivayisi ye-torque (ibhuleki, i-clutch, noma idrayivu), kanye nenzwa yempendulo. Izinzwa zempendulo ngokuvamile zigxile ekunikezeni impendulo yereferensi yobubanzi, futhi inqubo ilawulwa ngokulinganayo nesignali yobubanzi. Lapho inzwa ikala uguquko lobubanzi futhi idlulisela lesi siginali kusilawuli, isilawuli silungisa ngokulinganayo i-torque yebhuleki, i-clutch noma idrayivu ukuze sigcine ukushuba.
Isistimu ye-loop evaliwe:
Inzuzo yesistimu ye-loop evaliwe ukuthi ihlale iqapha futhi ilungisa ukungezwani kwewebhu ukuze igcine isendaweni ebekiwe, okuholela ekunembeni okungu-96-100%. Kusistimu ye-loop evaliwe, kunezici ezine eziyinhloko: isilawuli, idivayisi ye-torque (ibhuleki, i-clutch noma idrayivu), idivayisi yokulinganisa ukungezwani (iseli lomthwalo), nesignali yokulinganisa. Isilawuli sithola impendulo yokulinganisa okuqondile okuvela kuseli lomthwalo noma ingalo yokushwiba. Njengoba ukungezwani kushintsha, kukhiqiza isignali kagesi isilawuli esiyihumusha ngokuhlobene nokushuba okumisiwe. Isilawuli sibe sesilungisa i-torque yedivayisi yokukhipha itorque ukuze sigcine iphoyinti lokusetha olifunayo. Njengoba nje i-cruise control igcina imoto yakho isesivinini esisethiwe, isistimu yokulawula ukuqina kwe-loop igcina ukushuba kwe-roll yakho ku-tension esethiwe.
Ngakho-ke, ungabona ukuthi emhlabeni wokulawula ukungezwani, "okwanele" ngokuvamile akusalungile ngokwanele. Ukulawula ukungezwani kuyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi inqubo yokukhiqiza yekhwalithi ephezulu, ngokuvamile ehlukanisa ubuciko "obanele ngokwanele" nezinto ezisetshenziswayo zekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nezindlu zamandla zokukhiqiza zomkhiqizo wokugcina. Ukwengeza isistimu yokulawula ukungezwani okuzenzakalelayo inweba amandla akhona nawesikhathi esizayo enqubo yakho kuyilapho iletha izinzuzo ezibalulekile kuwe, amakhasimende akho, amakhasimende awo nabanye. Amasistimu okulawula ukungezwani kwe-Labirinth aklanyelwe ukuba abe isixazululo sokudonsela phansi semishini yakho ekhona, ehlinzeka ngembuyiselo esheshayo ekutshalweni kwezimali. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udinga i-open-loop noma isistimu ye-loop evaliwe, i-Labirinth izokusiza ukuthi unqume lokhu futhi ikunikeze ukukhiqiza kanye nezinzuzo zenzuzo ozidingayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-08-2023
